Characteristics of emergency self-harm among adolescents in Osaka City
| Total | Poisoning by drugs | Poisoning by gas | Cutting skin | Jumping from heights | Hanging | Drowning | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n=425) | (n=210) | (n=6) | (n=158) | (n=26) | (n=22) | (n=3) | p Values* | |
| Boy, n (%) | 88 (20.7) | 40 (19.0) | 5 (83.3) | 20 (12.7) | 9 (34.6) | 13 (59.0) | 1 (33.3) | <0.001 |
| Girl, n (%) | 337 (79.3) | 170 (81.0) | 1 (16.7) | 138 (87.3) | 17 (65.4) | 9 (41.0) | 2 (66.7) | |
| Age, year, n (%) | <0.001 | |||||||
| 11 | 2 (0.5) | 1 (0.5) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.8) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| 12 | 6 (1.5) | 1 (0.5) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (1.3) | 1 (3.8) | 2 (9.1) | 0 (0.0) | |
| 13 | 6 (1.5) | 5 (2.4) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (4.5) | 0 (0.0) | |
| 14 | 16 (4.2) | 7 (3.3) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (1.3) | 7 (26.9) | 1 (4.5) | 0 (0.0) | |
| 15 | 20 (5.2) | 12 (5.7) | 1 (16.7) | 7 (4.4) | 1 (3.8) | 2 (9.1) | 0 (0.0) | |
| 16 | 49 (12.9) | 32 (15.2) | 0 (0.0) | 21 (13.3) | 1 (3.8) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (33.3) | |
| 17 | 65 (17.1) | 37 (17.6) | 1 (16.7) | 24 (15.2) | 7 (26.9) | 2 (9.1) | 2 (66.7) | |
| 18 | 94 (24.7) | 57 (27.1) | 0 (0.0) | 43 (27.2) | 4 (15.4) | 6 (27.3) | 0 (0.0) | |
| 19 | 117 (30.7) | 58 (27.6) | 4 (66.7) | 59 (37.3) | 4 (15.4) | 8 (36.4) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Place, n (%) | <0.001 | |||||||
| Home | 344 (80.9) | 183 (87.1) | 4 (66.7) | 124 (78.5) | 11 (42.3) | 22 (100.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Road | 52 (12.2) | 12 (5.7) | 1 (16.7) | 22 (13.9) | 14 (53.8) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (100) | |
| Building | 23 (5.4) | 10 (4.8) | 1 (16.7) | 12 (7.6) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| School | 3 (1.0) | 2 (1.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.8) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Healthcare facility | 3 (1.0) | 3 (1.4) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Call to contact with a patient by EMS, min, mean (SD) | 6.5 (5.0) | 6.4 (3.1) | 7.3 (4.0) | 6.1 (3.1) | 6.5 (3.0) | 7.0 (2.2) | 33.7 (42.0) | <0.001 |
| Call to hospital arrival, min, mean (SD)† | 48.6 (25.6) | 55.7 (27.6) | 43.0 (17.0) | 43.0 (20.6) | 43.2 (23.3) | 41.8 (30.8) | 99.0 (0.0) | <0.001 |
| Type of hospitals, n (%) | <0.001 | |||||||
| No transportation | 82 (19.3) | 30 (14.3) | 3 (50.0) | 38 (24.1) | 0 (0.0) | 9 (40.9) | 2 (66.7) | |
| Non-critical care medical centre | 289 (68.0) | 154 (73.3) | 1 (16.7) | 117 (74.1) | 9 (34.6) | 7 (31.8) | 1 (33.3) | |
| Critical care medical centre | 54 (12.7) | 26 (12.4) | 2 (33.3) | 3 (1.9) | 17 (65.4) | 6 (27.3) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Type of transported department, n (%)† | <0.001 | |||||||
| Surgery | 168 (39.5) | 24 (11.4) | 1 (16.7) | 108 (68.4) | 26 (100.0) | 9 (40.9) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Internal medicine | 162 (38.1) | 145 (69.0) | 2 (33.3) | 11 (7.0) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (13.6) | 1 (33.3) | |
| Paediatrics | 8 (1.9) | 8 (3.8) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Psychiatry | 5 (1.2) | 3 (1.4) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.6) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (4.5) | 0 (0.0) |
*Comparisons between the six groups were evaluated with Fisher's exact test.
†Calculated only for self-harms transported to institutions.
EMS, emergency medical services.