Diagnostic accuracy of urine glucose test strip by participant cofactors (n=1289)*
| Results | Cofactors | |||||||
| Age | BMI † | Gender | Waist circumference ‡ | |||||
| <50 | ≥50 | <25 | ≥25 | Male | Female | Normal | High | |
| Number of participants | 531 | 758 | 895 | 393 | 317 | 972 | 691 | 598 |
| True positive (n) | 8 | 25 | 22 | 11 | 6 | 27 | 13 | 20 |
| False positive (n) | 3 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 6 | 2 | 5 |
| False negative (n) | 43 | 158 | 127 | 74 | 51 | 150 | 77 | 124 |
| True negative (n) | 477 | 571 | 743 | 304 | 259 | 789 | 599 | 449 |
| True diabetes prevalence § | 9.6% (7.2 to 12.4) | 24% (21.0 to 27.4) | 17% (14.0 to 19.3) | 22% (18.0 to 26.0) | 18% (14.0 to 22.7) | 18% (16.0 to 20.8) | 13% (11.0 to 15.8) | 24% (21.0 to 27.7) |
| Sensitivity (95% CI) | 15.7 (7.0 to 28.6) | 13.7 (9.0 to 19.5) | 14.8 (9.5 to 21.5) | 12.9 (6.6 to 22.0) | 10.5 (4.0 to 21.5) | 15.3 (10.3 to 21.4) | 14.4 (7.9 to 23.4) | 13.9 (8.7 to 20.6) |
| Specificity (95% CI) | 99.4 (98.2 to 99.9) | 99.3 (98.2 to 99.8) | 99.6 (98.8 to 99.9) | 98.7 (96.7 to 99.6) | 99.6 (97.9 to 100) | 99.2 (98.4 to 99.7) | 99.7 (98.8 to 100) | 98.9 (97.4 to 99.6) |
| Positive PV (95% CI) | 72.7 (39 to 94.0) | 86.2 (68.3 to 96.1) | 88 (68.8 to 97.5) | 73.3 (44.96 to 92.2) | 85.7 (42.1 to 99.6) | 81.8 (64.5 to 93.0) | 86.7 (59.5 to 98.3) | 80 (59.3 to 93.2) |
| Negative PV (95% CI) | 91.7 (89 to 94) | 78.3 (75.2 to 81.3) | 85.4 (82.9 to 87.7) | 80.4 (76.1 to 84.3) | 83.5 (78.9 to 87.5) | 84 (81.5 to 86.3) | 88.6 (86 to 90.9) | 78.4 (74.8 to 81.7) |
| Positive LR (95% CI) | 25.1 (6.9 to 91.6) | 19.6 (6.9 to 55.7) | 36.7 (11.1 to 121) | 10.0 (3.3 to 30.5) | 27.4 (3.4 to 223) | 20.2 (8.5 to 48.2) | 43.4 (10.0 to 189) | 12.6 (4.8 to 33) |
| Negative LR (95% CI) | 0.8 (0.8 to 1.0) | 0.9 (0.8 to 0.9) | 0.9 (0.8 to 0.9) | 0.9 (0.8 to 1.0) | 0.9 (0.8 to 1.0) | 0.85 (0.80 to 0.91) | 0.86 (0.79 to 0.94) | 0.87 (0.82 to 0.93 |
Bold, significantly different (P≤0.05), Χ2 test.
*Excludes individuals taking diabetes treatment that day (n=6), did not fast before OGTT as instructed (n=5) or did not complete the OGTT (n=16).
†n=1288.
‡High waist circumference =>90 cm for men, >80 cm for women.19
§Composite reference standard: OGTT ≥200 mg/dL or cFBG ≥200 mg/dL. Seventy patients with cFBG≥200 were not tested by OGTT.
BMI, body mass index; cFBG, capillary fasting blood glucose; LR, likelihood ratio; OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test; PV, predictive value.