Clinical factors between patient with and without hypoglycaemia in previous 6 months
| Variable | Number (%) or mean (SD) | *P value | |
| No hypoglycaemia (n=457) | Hypoglycaemia (n=202) | ||
| Patient’s demographics and medical history | |||
| Female | 221 (49.2) | 109 (54.0) | 0.272 |
| Age (years) | 66.2±9.6 | 63.9±10.6 | 0.008† |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 25.88±4.23 | 25.38±4.53 | 0.190 |
| Duration of DM (years) | 10.9±7.1 | 11.1±6.7 | 0.738 |
| Low sugar diet | 214 (47.6) | 116 (57.7) | 0.018† |
| Low calorie diet | 203 (45.2) | 102 (51.0) | 0.174 |
| Adherence to regular diabetic diet | 52 (11.5) | 34 (17.1) | 0.050 |
| No regular physical activity | 144 (31.7) | 76 (27.6) | 0.152 |
| Regular finger-stick glucose monitoring | 69 (15.1) | 45 (22.3) | 0.033† |
| Alcohol consumption | 117 (25.6) | 48 (24.0) | 0.502 |
| Smoking status | 163 (35.7) | 65 (32.1) | 0.558 |
| Family history: DM in first-degree relatives | 219 (55.7) | 102 (59.3) | 0.461 |
| Any comorbid macro and vascular conditions | 99 (55.7) | 38 (18.8) | 0.407 |
| Any major events | 50 (21.8) | 18 (9.0) | 0.490 |
| Hypoglycaemic agents | |||
| Sulfonylurea (SU) | 93 (20.3) | 45 (22.2) | 0.604 |
| Combination of SU and metformin | 364 (79.7) | 157 (77.7) | |
| Laboratory at enrolment | |||
| HbA1c (%) | 7.29±1.28 | 7.17±1.31 | 0.247 |
| FPG (mg/dL) | 145.6±44.6 | 139.4±39.7 | 0.085 |
| Serum creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.26±1.08 | 1.23±0.89 | 0.767 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 97.7±33.9 | 98.1±32.4 | 0.912 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 150.4±88.0 | 143.4±75.5 | 0.507 |
| Urine albumin (mg/gCr) | 68.3±169.1 | 125.2±398.1 | 0.456 |
| Clinical measurements at enrolment | |||
| Body weight (kg) | 66.5±12.9 | 65.2±14.1 | 0.239 |
| Weight gain in previous 12 months | 1.43±1.11 | 1.74±1.60 | 0.101 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 92.4±10.1 | 91.0±11.7 | 0.119 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 135.7±17.1 | 133.5±17.6 | 0.128 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 74.5±10.2 | 73.4±9.8 | 0.186 |
*χ2 test or rank-sum test as appropriate for categorical variables and Independent t-test or Wilcoxon rank-sum test as appropriate for continuous variables.
†P value <0.05.
DM, diabetes mellitus; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HbA1C, haemoglobin A1C; LDL, low-density lipoprotein.