Table 4

Clinical outcome measures for off-the-shelf stability therapeutic footwear in children with mobility impairment

BiomechanicalPhysiologicalGross motor proficiencyQuality of life measures
Kinematic
Optimising gait movement patterns (foot and ankle)
Edinburgh Gait Score†
Hoffer Ambulation Score‡
Static Ankle Range of Motion:
Passive§: measured with the knee flexed and extended within the child’s limits
Weightbearing lunge¶: provided child can safely stand and get the heel to the ground
Spatiotemporal:
Walking velocity
TUG
6MWT
10 m walk test.		Physiological cost
Index**
Perceived exertion** (BORG)		Number of falls
BOT2††
Hoffer ambulation Score‡
Four square step test		Paediatric pain scale
Daily mobility and social interaction

  • *Outcomes must consider the stage/grade of the condition and the capability of the child to perform the tasks.

  • †Specific outcome for cerebral palsy.

  • ‡Specific outcome for spina bifida.

  • §Range of motion outcome for cerebral palsy and symptomatic mobile pes planus

  • ¶Range of motion outcome for cerebral palsy, Symptomatic mobile pes planus and duchenne muscular dystrophy

  • **Physiological outcomes for cerebral palsy, symptomatic mobile pes planus and spina bifida.

  • ††Gross motor proficiency outcome for cerebral palsy, symptomatic mobile pes planus and Down’s syndrome.

  • 6MWT, 6 min walk test; TUG, Timed Up and Go.