BMQ score results—beliefs
| BMQ—beliefs | N=100 | Male N=69 | Female N=31 | P value |
| Specific beliefs—necessity | 21.9±3.5 (8.0;25.0) | 21.7±3.6 | 22.2±3.1 | 0.4822 |
| Specific beliefs—concerns | 11.1±4.8 (5.0;23.0) | 10.5±4.4 | 12.5±5.5 | 0.0509 |
| General beliefs—harm | 9.1±3.2 (4.0;17.0) | 8.6±3.0 | 10.1±3.5 | 0.0352 |
| General beliefs—overuse | 10.3±3.4 (4.0;17.0) | 9.8±3.4 | 11.5±3.3 | 0.0170 |
| BMQ necessity—BMQ concern>0* | 96 (96.0%) | 66 (95.7%) | 30 (96.8%) | 1.0000 |
Results are presented as mean±SD (minimum–maximum) or frequencies and percentages.
Specific belief scores range from 5 to 25 and general belief scores range from 4 to 20. A high score indicates a strong belief.
Values corresponding to statistically significant results are in bold.
*BMQ ‘necessity’—BMQ ‘concern’>0 means that the beneficial character is superior to the worrying character.
BMQ, Belief Medical Questionnaire.